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Monday, June 10, 2019

Theories of Constructivism and Rational Choice Essay

Theories of Constructivism and Rational Choice - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that in deuce constructivism and rationalism, a lot of attention is paid to the interaction between the individual and the social structure but the notion is viewed from different lenses by the school of the thoughts. Constructivism has similarly tended to give more attention to the traditions and mutual understandings of legitimate behavior. On the other hand, this comes into clash with the perceptions propagated by rationalists who believe that the actors try to do the right thing instead instead of working for and reaping the most benefits from their given set of preferences. Constructivists do not give preference to structure over an agency or vice versa. However, this supposition does not accept the notion of individualism which is widely accepted by rationalizing theorists. Constructivists have presented arguments against the individualistic ontology of rationalizing theorists instead, constru ctivism has placed stress on social ontology. As the explanation highlights the aim of positivist theories is to imitate and reproduce in a similar form the procedures undertaken by natural sciences. This is done by reflecting upon and evaluating the effect of material sciences. positive theories are characterized by their capacity to take into account various features of international relations wish the nature of interactions amongst states, the size of the army put into order by governments, the clash and balance of the authorities and the control of the states. On the same hand, the role of post-positivist epistemology comes into limelight. This epistemology refutes the notion that the social world can be investigated and studies upon for the purpose of gaining more brainwave into the dynamics of international relations by taking anunbiased and value-freeapproach. The concepts of neo-liberalism and neo-realism, as promoted by a number of theorists, are not granted credibility and pump for study of the social world. This follows that the rational choice theory and other theories that fall under the category of neo-liberalism and neo-realism are not a viable approach for wise to(p) more about the social world in an academic way. Post-positivist epistemologyregards that these theories are not applicable for this purpose because the scientific method cannot be used for analyzing the interactions universe carried out in social setups, and therefore a science relating to the international relations can never be established. One of the main differences between the two sets of theories is that while positivist theories, like neo-realism, present simple explanations, e.g. the rationales as for why and how power is to be used post-positivist theories instead center on constitutive questions, like what exactly is meant by power, what builds it up, how it is experienced and reproduced. The rational choice theory Evolution of Rational Choice Theory The rational c hoice theory is based on the views and concepts of a man named Cesare Beccaria from the 1700s. Cruelty and harsh punishments were common in the period of the nineteenth century but Beccarias dedication to the field aided in eliminating such unjust practices. He believed

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